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Lithium Metal Australia - carbothermal reduction of lithium metal

Lithium metal is constructing a plant for primary extraction of lithium metal.

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Why Lithium metal?

Imagine a world where electric vehicles could drive several times farther than they can today, electric aircraft were feasible, air and space travel were cheaper and your mobile phone could go two weeks without recharging.

Lithium metal has long been recognised as the holy grail of anode materials because of its extremely high theoretical specific capacity (3,860mAh/g) and extremely low redox potential (-3.07 V vs the Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)). However, despite extensive efforts to develop a practical rechargeable lithium metal battery, the technical challenges proved insurmountable, and then lithium-ion battery (LIB) arose as a compromise. LIBs work by using electrode materials that store and release lithium ions in/from their structure (intercalation/deintercalation) and thereby avoid the use of metallic lithium anodes.

Since their commercial debut in 1991, LIBs have revolutionised portable energy storage and enabled countless dependent technologies including: power tools, mobile phones, laptops, and electric vehicles.

Lithium is the 33rd most abundant element, so we need to get the most out of what we have – with lithium metal.

Lithium Metal Batteries

The need for intercalation electrodes has limited the achievable energy density of the battery and, despite incremental improvements, lithium ion technology is rapidly approaching its theoretical limit.

Revolutionary advances will only be possible with new battery chemistries. This is where lithium metal steps in.

Rechargeable lithium metal batteries have come a long way in the last 10 years and are now a leading contender as the next-generation battery, provided that the high-cost of lithium metal (100USD/kg), small global market (<5ktpa), and unappealing electrolytic extraction process can be solved. Todays issues limit economic attractiveness and wide scale adoption.

The lithium metal battery revolution requires a lithium metal extraction revolution.

Ultra lightweight alloys

Lithium metal is an element of ultra lightweight alloys, used in applications where weight absolutely needs to be minimised such as spacecraft.

Ultra lightweight aluminium-lithium alloys developed in recent years offer reduced density and increased modulus. They are used in Space X vehicles.

These advanced materials are help open new frontiers but need production of lithium metal.

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